Acute Megacolon

by | Feb 21, 2019 | Uncategorized | 0 comments

All Premium Themes And WEBSITE Utilities Tools You Ever Need! Greatest 100% Free Bonuses With Any Purchase.

Greatest CYBER MONDAY SALES with Bonuses are offered to following date: Get Started For Free!
Purchase Any Product Today! Premium Bonuses More Than $10,997 Will Be Emailed To You To Keep Even Just For Trying It Out.
Click Here To See Greatest Bonuses

and Try Out Any Today!

Here’s the deal.. if you buy any product(s) Linked from this sitewww.Knowledge-Easy.com including Clickbank products, as long as not Google’s product ads, I am gonna Send ALL to you absolutely FREE!. That’s right, you WILL OWN ALL THE PRODUCTS, for Now, just follow these instructions:

1. Order the product(s) you want by click here and select the Top Product, Top Skill you like on this site ..

2. Automatically send you bonuses or simply send me your receipt to consultingadvantages@yahoo.com Or just Enter name and your email in the form at the Bonus Details.

3. I will validate your purchases. AND Send Themes, ALL 50 Greatests Plus The Ultimate Marketing Weapon & “WEBMASTER’S SURVIVAL KIT” to you include ALL Others are YOURS to keep even you return your purchase. No Questions Asked! High Classic Guaranteed for you! Download All Items At One Place.

That’s it !

*Also Unconditionally, NO RISK WHAT SO EVER with Any Product you buy this website,

60 Days Money Back Guarantee,

IF NOT HAPPY FOR ANY REASON, FUL REFUND, No Questions Asked!

Download Instantly in Hands Top Rated today!

Remember, you really have nothing to lose if the item you purchased is not right for you! Keep All The Bonuses.

Super Premium Bonuses Are Limited Time Only!

Day(s)

:

Hour(s)

:

Minute(s)

:

Second(s)

Get Paid To Use Facebook, Twitter and YouTube
Online Social Media Jobs Pay $25 - $50/Hour.
No Experience Required. Work At Home, $316/day!
View 1000s of companies hiring writers now!

Order Now!

MOST POPULAR

*****
Customer Support Chat Job: $25/hr
Chat On Twitter Job - $25/hr
Get Paid to chat with customers on
a business’s Twitter account.

Try Free Now!

Get Paid To Review Apps On Phone
Want to get paid $810 per week online?
Get Paid To Review Perfect Apps Weekly.

Order Now
!
Look For REAL Online Job?
Get Paid To Write Articles $200/day
View 1000s of companies hiring writers now!

Try-Out Free Now!

How To Develop Your Skill For Great Success And Happiness Including Become CPA? | Additional special tips From Admin

Competence Expansion is certainly the number 1 significant and essential factor of achieving true achievements in just about all jobs as you actually saw in a lot of our community as well as in Across the world. Hence happy to go over together with everyone in the following related to what productive Expertise Development is; the best way or what tactics we do the job to obtain hopes and dreams and gradually one will get the job done with what whomever likes to do just about every working day intended for a full everyday living. Is it so superb if you are have the ability to build up proficiently and acquire accomplishment in just what exactly you believed, aimed for, disciplined and functioned really hard any afternoon and most certainly you grow to be a CPA, Attorney, an master of a good sized manufacturer or possibly even a doctor who may greatly add awesome help and principles to others, who many, any modern culture and community most certainly popular and respected. I can's imagine I can help others to be finest expert level who seem to will play a role important remedies and assistance valuations to society and communities right now. How pleased are you if you grow to be one similar to so with your personal name on the headline? I have arrived at SUCCESS and defeat most of the really hard regions which is passing the CPA qualifications to be CPA. Moreover, we will also go over what are the downfalls, or other sorts of concerns that may just be on the means and just how I have professionally experienced all of them and will probably reveal you how to prevail over them. | From Admin and Read More at Cont'.

Acute Megacolon

No Results

No Results

processing….

Megacolon, like megarectum, is a descriptive term. Megacolon denotes dilatation of the colon that is not caused by a mechanical obstruction. While the definition of megacolon has varied in the literature, most use a cecum measurement of greater than 12 cm in diameter to define megacolon. Adding to this definition, because the diameter of the large intestine is different in different areas, measurements of greater than 6.5 cm for the rectosigmoid region and greater than 8 cm for the ascending colon may also be significant.

Megacolon may be divided into 3 categories by acuity of onset, as follows: (1) acute megacolon (pseudo-obstruction); (2) chronic megacolon, which includes congenital, acquired, and idiopathic causes; and (3) toxic megacolon.

The Gastroenterology section of the Medscape Drugs & Diseases journal contains 3 articles devoted to megacolon, and they are separated based on the 3 aforementioned categories (see also Differentials). This article is devoted to the acute development of megacolon.

Whether dilatation is a result of abnormal motility of the colon remains unresolved. Much basic science research has been performed in this area. It is well known that the colonic distensibility changes in the presence of luminal contents. For example, fatty acids infused into the cecum appear to reduce the volume of the proximal large bowel. Long-term opiate narcotic use (including diphenoxylate and loperamide) may lead to colonic dilatation and may limit the ability of the colon to constrict when dilated.

Many pathophysiologic mechanisms have been proposed in an attempt to explain the altered motility seen in acute megacolon; these include the following:

Reflex motor inhibition through splanchnic nerves in response to noxious stimuli

Excess sympathetic motor input (failure to contract)

Excess parasympathetic motor input (failure to relax)

Decreased parasympathetic motor input (failure to contract)

Excess stimulation of peripheral opioid receptors by endogenous or exogenous opioids (initially excess activation followed by prolonged inhibition)

Inhibition of nitric oxide release from inhibitory motor neurons

Causes of acute megacolon include the following:

Electrolyte abnormality

Metabolic abnormality, including hypothyroidism and hyperparathyroidism

Certain medications, including anticholinergics, antidiarrheals, opiates, digitalis, and certain antipsychotic drugs

Inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn colitis

Infections, including Clostridium difficile (pseudomembranous colitis), Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease), and Entamoeba histolytica (amebic dysentery). [1]

Note that in any setting, a mechanical cause (eg, a tumor) and a toxic cause (eg, acute ulcerative colitis) must be ruled out first because the treatments are very different for these conditions.

No large-scale studies have been performed to determine the prevalence or incidence of acute megacolon.

Race and sex have not been documented to play a role in acute megacolon.

Most patients are middle-aged or older; however, the increased incidence seen in older populations is more likely a reflection of their medical and surgical comorbidities rather than age alone.

Prognosis is determined in part by the underlying cause of the megacolon, the presence of any comorbidities, and the development of complications.

The mortality rate associated with spontaneous perforation of nontoxic megacolon is 50%; however, most patients respond to treatment prior to the onset of this complication. [2]

The most severe complication is perforation with an associated mortality rate of approximately 50%. In a study by Vanek et al, perforation rates were 0% for cecal diameters of less than 12 cm, 7% for cecal diameters of 12-14 cm, and 23% for cecal diameters of greater than 14 cm. [3]

Mortality was also shown to increase with a delay of decompression therapy.

If surgical therapy is required, mortality increases based on age, comorbidities, and functional status.

Tan CB, Rajan D, Shah M, et al. Toxic megacolon from fulminant Clostridium difficile infection induced by topical silver sulphadiazine. BMJ Case Rep. 2012 Aug 8. 2012:[Medline].

Frasko R, Uchytil Z, Svab J, Vyborny J, Krska Z. [Treatment outcomes in patients with toxic megacolon]. Rozhl Chir. 2011 Jun. 90(6):339-42. [Medline].

Vanek VW, Al-Salti M. Acute pseudo-obstruction of the colon (Ogilvie’s syndrome). An analysis of 400 cases. Dis Colon Rectum. 1986 Mar. 29(3):203-10. [Medline].

Moulin V, Dellon P, Laurent O, Aubry S, Lubrano J, Delabrousse E. Toxic megacolon in patients with severe acute colitis: computed tomographic features. Clin Imaging. 2011 Nov. 35(6):431-6. [Medline].

Antonopoulos P, Almyroudi M, Kolonia V, Kouris S, Troumpoukis N, Economou N. Toxic megacolon and acute ischemia of the colon due to sigmoid stenosis related to diverticulitis. Case Rep Gastroenterol. 2013 Sep 11. 7(3):409-13. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Camilleri M. Acute and chronic pseudo-obstruction. Felman M, Friedman LS, Sleisenger MH, eds. Sleisenger & Fordtran’s Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Publishing; 2007. 2679-2702.

Fazel A, Verne GN. New solutions to an old problem: acute colonic pseudo-obstruction. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2005 Jan. 39(1):17-20. [Medline].

Geller A, Petersen BT, Gostout CJ. Endoscopic decompression for acute colonic pseudo-obstruction. Gastrointest Endosc. 1996 Aug. 44(2):144-50. [Medline].

Ponec RJ, Saunders MD, Kimmey MB. Neostigmine for the treatment of acute colonic pseudo-obstruction. N Engl J Med. 1999 Jul 15. 341(3):137-41. [Medline].

Saunders MD, Kimmey MB. Colonic pseudo-obstruction: the dilated colon in the ICU. Semin Gastrointest Dis. 2003 Jan. 14(1):20-7. [Medline].

Stephenson BM, Morgan AR, Salaman JR, Wheeler MH. Ogilvie’s syndrome: a new approach to an old problem. Dis Colon Rectum. 1995 Apr. 38(4):424-7. [Medline].

Turegano-Fuentes F, Munoz-Jimenez F, Del Valle-Hernandez E, et al. Early resolution of Ogilvie’s syndrome with intravenous neostigmine: a simple, effective treatment. Dis Colon Rectum. 1997 Nov. 40(11):1353-7. [Medline].

Khajehnoori M, Nagra S. Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie’s syndrome) with caecal perforation after caesarean section. J Surg Case Rep. 2016 Aug 23. 2016(8):[Medline]. [Full Text].

Roberto M Gamarra, MD Consulting Gastroenterologist, Digestive Health Associates, PLC

Roberto M Gamarra, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Gastroenterology, American College of Physicians, American Gastroenterological Association, American Medical Association, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Ross A Heil, DO Fellow, Department of Gastroenterology, St John Providence Health System

Ross A Heil, DO is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Osteopathic Internists, American Medical Association, American Osteopathic Association

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Michael H Piper, MD Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Wayne State University School of Medicine; Consulting Staff, Digestive Health Associates, PLC

Michael H Piper, MD is a member of the following medical societies: Alpha Omega Alpha, American College of Gastroenterology, American College of Physicians, Michigan State Medical Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

David Manuel, MD Affiliate Faculty, Department of Medicine, Loyola University Health System; Gastroenterologist, Digestive Health Center

David Manuel, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Gastroenterology, American College of Physicians, American Gastroenterological Association, American Medical Association, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation of America

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Douglas M Heuman, MD, FACP, FACG, AGAF Chief of Hepatology, Hunter Holmes McGuire Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine

Douglas M Heuman, MD, FACP, FACG, AGAF is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Physicians, American Gastroenterological Association

Disclosure: Received grant/research funds from Novartis for other; Received grant/research funds from Bayer for other; Received grant/research funds from Otsuka for none; Received grant/research funds from Bristol Myers Squibb for other; Received none from Scynexis for none; Received grant/research funds from Salix for other; Received grant/research funds from MannKind for other.

BS Anand, MD Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Baylor College of Medicine

BS Anand, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, American Gastroenterological Association, American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Terence David Lewis, MBBS, MBBS 

Terence David Lewis, MBBS, MBBS is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Gastroenterology, American College of Physicians, American Gastroenterological Association, American Medical Association, California Medical Association, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, Sigma Xi

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

The authors and editors of Medscape Drugs & Diseases gratefully acknowledge the contributions of previous author, Clifford Y Ko, MD, MS, to the development and writing of this article.

Acute Megacolon

Research & References of Acute Megacolon|A&C Accounting And Tax Services
Source

From Admin and Read More here. A note for you if you pursue CPA licence, KEEP PRACTICE with the MANY WONDER HELPS I showed you. Make sure to check your works after solving simulations. If a Cashflow statement or your consolidation statement is balanced, you know you pass right after sitting for the exams. I hope my information are great and helpful. Implement them. They worked for me. Hey.... turn gray hair to black also guys. Do not forget HEALTH? Expertise Progression is normally the number 1 necessary and main aspect of having genuine good results in most of occupations as you came across in all of our community and in Around the world. As a result happy to look at with everyone in the right after in relation to just what prosperous Proficiency Progression is;. just how or what methods we job to realize goals and sooner or later one will certainly deliver the results with what individual really likes to carry out every single time of day pertaining to a comprehensive lifetime. Is it so superb if you are ready to establish proficiently and see achievements in whatever you thought, steered for, encouraged and worked well hard any working day and surely you become a CPA, Attorney, an holder of a significant manufacturer or perhaps even a medical doctor who may seriously contribute awesome aid and valuations to some people, who many, any contemporary culture and network without doubt admired and respected. I can's believe I can guide others to be very best specialized level exactly who will contribute major methods and assistance values to society and communities presently. How joyful are you if you become one such as so with your personal name on the headline? I have arrived at SUCCESS and get over many the very hard segments which is passing the CPA qualifications to be CPA. Also, we will also include what are the risks, or various situations that can be on ones own way and the best way I have personally experienced them and definitely will show you how to rise above them.

Send your purchase information or ask a question here!

4 + 9 =

0 Comments

Submit a Comment

World Top Business Management Tips For You!

Business Best Sellers

 

Get Paid To Use Facebook, Twitter and YouTube
Online Social Media Jobs Pay $25 - $50/Hour.
No Experience Required. Work At Home, $316/day!
View 1000s of companies hiring writers now!
Order Now!

 

MOST POPULAR

*****

Customer Support Chat Job: $25/hr
Chat On Twitter Job - $25/hr
Get Paid to chat with customers on
a business’s Twitter account.
Try Free Now!

 

Get Paid To Review Apps On Phone
Want to get paid $810 per week online?
Get Paid To Review Perfect Apps Weekly.
Order Now!

Look For REAL Online Job?
Get Paid To Write Articles $200/day
View 1000s of companies hiring writers now!
Try-Out Free Now!

 

 

Acute Megacolon

error: Content is protected !!