Adrenal Hemorrhage

by | Feb 23, 2019 | Uncategorized | 0 comments

All Premium Themes And WEBSITE Utilities Tools You Ever Need! Greatest 100% Free Bonuses With Any Purchase.

Greatest CYBER MONDAY SALES with Bonuses are offered to following date: Get Started For Free!
Purchase Any Product Today! Premium Bonuses More Than $10,997 Will Be Emailed To You To Keep Even Just For Trying It Out.
Click Here To See Greatest Bonuses

and Try Out Any Today!

Here’s the deal.. if you buy any product(s) Linked from this sitewww.Knowledge-Easy.com including Clickbank products, as long as not Google’s product ads, I am gonna Send ALL to you absolutely FREE!. That’s right, you WILL OWN ALL THE PRODUCTS, for Now, just follow these instructions:

1. Order the product(s) you want by click here and select the Top Product, Top Skill you like on this site ..

2. Automatically send you bonuses or simply send me your receipt to consultingadvantages@yahoo.com Or just Enter name and your email in the form at the Bonus Details.

3. I will validate your purchases. AND Send Themes, ALL 50 Greatests Plus The Ultimate Marketing Weapon & “WEBMASTER’S SURVIVAL KIT” to you include ALL Others are YOURS to keep even you return your purchase. No Questions Asked! High Classic Guaranteed for you! Download All Items At One Place.

That’s it !

*Also Unconditionally, NO RISK WHAT SO EVER with Any Product you buy this website,

60 Days Money Back Guarantee,

IF NOT HAPPY FOR ANY REASON, FUL REFUND, No Questions Asked!

Download Instantly in Hands Top Rated today!

Remember, you really have nothing to lose if the item you purchased is not right for you! Keep All The Bonuses.

Super Premium Bonuses Are Limited Time Only!

Day(s)

:

Hour(s)

:

Minute(s)

:

Second(s)

Get Paid To Use Facebook, Twitter and YouTube
Online Social Media Jobs Pay $25 - $50/Hour.
No Experience Required. Work At Home, $316/day!
View 1000s of companies hiring writers now!
Order Now!

MOST POPULAR

*****
Customer Support Chat Job: $25/hr
Chat On Twitter Job - $25/hr
Get Paid to chat with customers on
a business’s Twitter account.
Try Free Now!
Get Paid To Review Apps On Phone
Want to get paid $810 per week online?
Get Paid To Review Perfect Apps Weekly.
Order Now!
Look For REAL Online Job?
Get Paid To Write Articles $200/day
View 1000s of companies hiring writers now!
Try-Out Free Now!

How To Develop Your Skill For Great Success And Happiness Including Become CPA? | Additional special tips From Admin

Expertise Progression is the number 1 vital and main consideration of having authentic being successful in just about all vocations as most people found in a lot of our modern culture together with in Global. Consequently happy to look at with everyone in the soon after in regard to exactly what prosperous Talent Progression is; the simplest way or what options we deliver the results to gain objectives and finally one is going to operate with what individual loves to undertake every single day intended for a 100 % everyday living. Is it so amazing if you are confident enough to produce successfully and locate victory in whatever you believed, steered for, follower of rules and been effective very hard every daytime and without doubt you turned out to be a CPA, Attorney, an master of a great manufacturer or even a health practitioner who may hugely contribute fantastic assistance and principles to people, who many, any contemporary culture and town surely adored and respected. I can's believe I can aid others to be main competent level who seem to will add important answers and elimination values to society and communities in these days. How pleased are you if you grown to be one just like so with your unique name on the title? I have got there at SUCCESS and conquer all the really difficult parts which is passing the CPA examinations to be CPA. Besides, we will also protect what are the traps, or many other concerns that can be on your method and ways I have privately experienced all of them and will demonstrate you tips on how to get over them. | From Admin and Read More at Cont'.

Adrenal Hemorrhage

No Results

No Results

processing….

Adrenal hemorrhage is a relatively uncommon condition with a variable and nonspecific presentation that may lead to acute adrenal crisis, shock, and death unless it is recognized promptly and treated appropriately. [1, 2] Several risk factors have been associated with adrenal hemorrhage, based on case reports. Its pathologic characteristics typically include bilateral gland involvement with extensive necrosis of all 3 cortical layers and of medullary adrenal cells. Retrograde migration of medullary cells into the zona fasciculata, widespread hemorrhage into the adrenal gland that may extend into the perirenal fat, and, frequently, adrenal vein thrombosis may occur.

CT scan appearance is shown in the image below.

Although the precise mechanisms leading to adrenal hemorrhage are unclear in nontraumatic cases, available evidence has implicated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), adrenal vein spasm and thrombosis, and the normally limited venous drainage of the adrenal in the pathogenesis of this condition.

The adrenal gland has a rich arterial supply, in contrast to its limited venous drainage, which is critically dependent on a single vein. Furthermore, in stressful situations, ACTH secretion increases, which stimulates adrenal arterial blood flow that may exceed the limited venous drainage capacity of the organ and lead to hemorrhage.

In addition, adrenal vein spasm induced by high catecholamine levels secreted in stressful situations and by adrenal vein thrombosis induced by coagulopathies may lead to venous stasis and hemorrhage. Adrenal vein thrombosis has been found in several patients with adrenal hemorrhage, and it may occur in association with sepsis, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, [3] primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

Regardless of the precise mechanisms, extensive, bilateral adrenal hemorrhage commonly leads to acute adrenal insufficiency and adrenal crisis, unless it is recognized and treated promptly.

United States

Adrenal hemorrhage has been reported in 0.3-1.8% of unselected cases in autopsy studies, although extensive bilateral adrenal hemorrhage may be present in 15% of individuals who die of shock.

Acute adrenal insufficiency (adrenal crisis) may occur in association with extensive, bilateral adrenal hemorrhage, and it is uniformly fatal if unrecognized and untreated. In contrast, unilateral adrenal hemorrhage is not associated with acute adrenal insufficiency.

Patients with adrenal hemorrhage may die because of underlying disease or diseases associated with adrenal hemorrhage, despite treatment with stress-dose glucocorticoids. Overall, adrenal hemorrhage is associated with a 15% mortality rate, which varies according to the severity of the underlying illness predisposing to adrenal hemorrhage. For example, patients with Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (adrenal hemorrhage occurring in sepsis, most frequently meningococcal) have a 55-60% mortality rate. [4]

Chronic adrenal insufficiency occurs in most patients who survive extensive, bilateral adrenal hemorrhage, necessitating long-term glucocorticoid replacement. In contrast, the need for mineralocorticoid replacement is variable. Androgen replacement therapy may also be beneficial in women with chronic adrenal insufficiency. Rare case reports exist of patients who had complete recovery of adrenal function after an episode of extensive, bilateral adrenal hemorrhage and acute adrenal insufficiency.

Extensive, bilateral adrenal hemorrhage is more common in males (male-to-female ratio of 2:1), probably reflecting a male predilection for several of the underlying conditions associated with adrenal hemorrhage.

Although adrenal hemorrhage may occur in people of any age, most patients with nontraumatic, extensive, bilateral adrenal hemorrhage are aged 40-80 years at the time of the acute event. In contrast, patients with traumatic adrenal hemorrhage typically are in the second to third decade of life.

Most patients with Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome are in the pediatric age group, although adults have infrequently been affected.

Adrenal hemorrhage in neonates is a well-described entity and has even been diagnosed in utero. A full discussion of this entity is beyond the scope of this review.

Rao RH. Bilateral massive adrenal hemorrhage. Med Clin North Am. 1995 Jan. 79 (1):107-29. [Medline].

Vella A, Nippoldt TB, Morris JC 3rd. Adrenal hemorrhage: a 25-year experience at the Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clin Proc. 2001 Feb. 76(2):161-8. [Medline].

Ketha S, Smithedajkul P, Vella A, Pruthi R, Wysokinski W, McBane R. Adrenal haemorrhage due to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Thromb Haemost. 2013 Feb 7. 109(4):[Medline].

Tormos LM, Schandl CA. The Significance of Adrenal Hemorrhage: Undiagnosed Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome, A Case Series. J Forensic Sci. 2013 Mar 4. [Medline].

Adem PV, Montgomery CP, Husain AN, et al. Staphylococcus aureus sepsis and the Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome in children. N Engl J Med. 2005 Sep 22. 353(12):1245-51. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Pianta M, Varma DK. Bilateral spontaneous adrenal haemorrhage complicating acute pancreatitis. Australas Radiol. 2007 Apr. 51(2):172-4. [Medline].

Kadhem S, Ebrahem R, Munguti C, Mortada R. Spontaneous Unilateral Adrenal Hemorrhage in Pregnancy. Cureus. 2017 Jan 13. 9 (1):e977. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Gutenberg A, Lange B, Gunawan B, et al. Spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage: a little-known complication of intracranial tumor surgery. Case report. J Neurosurg. 2007 Jun. 106(6):1086-8. [Medline].

Rosenberger LH, Smith PW, Sawyer RG, Hanks JB, Adams RB, Hedrick TL. Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage: The unrecognized cause of hemodynamic collapse associated with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Crit Care Med. 2011 Apr. 39(4):833-8. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Arnason JA, Graziano FM. Adrenal insufficiency in the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1995 Oct. 25(2):109-16. [Medline].

Caron P, Chabannier MH, Cambus JP, et al. Definitive adrenal insufficiency due to bilateral adrenal hemorrhage and primary antiphospholipid syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 May. 83(5):1437-9. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Ramon I, Mathian A, Bachelot A, et al. Primary Adrenal Insufficiency Due to Bilateral Adrenal Hemorrhage-Adrenal Infarction in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Long-Term Outcome of 16 Patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Jun 19. [Medline].

Karwacka IM, Obolonczyk L, Sworczak K. Adrenal hemorrhage: a single center experience and literature review. Adv Clin Exp Med. 2018 May. 27 (5):681-7. [Medline].

Vasinanukorn P, Rerknimitr R, Sriussadaporn S, et al. Adrenal hemorrhage as the first presentation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Intern Med. 2007. 46(21):1779-82. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Gavrilova-Jordan L, Edmister WB, Farrell MA, et al. Spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage during pregnancy: a review of the literature and a case report of successful conservative management. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2005 Mar. 60(3):191-5. [Medline].

Marti JL, Millet J, Sosa JA, Roman SA, Carling T, Udelsman R. Spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage with associated masses: etiology and management in 6 cases and a review of 133 reported cases. World J Surg. 2012 Jan. 36(1):75-82. [Medline].

Diolombi ML, Khani F, Epstein JI. Diagnostic dilemmas in enlarged and diffusely hemorrhagic adrenal glands. Hum Pathol. 2016 Jul. 53:63-72. [Medline].

Shah HR, Love L, Williamson MR, et al. Hemorrhagic adrenal metastases: CT findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1989 Jan-Feb. 13(1):77-81. [Medline].

Sinelnikov AO, Abujudeh HH, Chan D, et al. CT manifestations of adrenal trauma: experience with 73 cases. Emerg Radiol. 2007 Mar. 13(6):313-8. [Medline].

Tan GX, Sutherland T. Adrenal congestion preceding adrenal hemorrhage on CT imaging: a case series. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2016 Feb. 41 (2):303-10. [Medline].

Rowe SP, Mathur A, Bishop JA, et al. Computed Tomography Appearance of Surgically Resected Adrenal Hematomas. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2016 Nov/Dec. 40 (6):892-895. [Medline].

Itoh K, Yamashita K, Satoh Y, et al. MR imaging of bilateral adrenal hemorrhage. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1988 Nov-Dec. 12(6):1054-6. [Medline].

Bhatia KS, Ismail MM, Sahdev A, et al. (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy for the detection of adrenal and extra-adrenal phaeochromocytomas: CT and MRI correlation. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2008 Apr 3. [Medline].

Arlt W, Callies F, van Vlijmen JC, et al. Dehydroepiandrosterone replacement in women with adrenal insufficiency. N Engl J Med. 1999 Sep 30. 341(14):1013-20. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Jahangir-Hekmat M, Taylor HC, Levin H, et al. Adrenal insufficiency attributable to adrenal hemorrhage: long-term follow-up with reference to glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid function and replacement. Endocr Pract. 2004 Jan-Feb. 10(1):55-61. [Medline].

Monticone S, Satoh F, Dietz AS, et al. Clinical Management and Outcomes of Adrenal Hemorrhage Following Adrenal Vein Sampling in Primary Aldosteronism. Hypertension. 2016 Jan. 67 (1):146-52. [Medline].

Chatterjee C, Khan D, das S, De U. Giant adrenal hemorrhagic cyst: An unusual abdominal lump. South Asian J Cancer. 2013 Jul. 2(3):141. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Taguchi T, Inoue K, Terada Y. Concentric-ring sign in adrenal hemorrhage. Endocrine. 2014 Mar 8. [Medline].

Schrank Y, Madeira M. Massive: hemorrhagic adrenal pseudocyst. Am J Med. 2014 May 6. [Medline].

Saad AF, Ford KL 3rd, Deprisco G, Smerud MJ. Adrenomegaly and septic adrenal hemorrhage (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome) in the setting of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2013 Jul. 26(3):268-9. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Winter AG, Ramasamy R. Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage due to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia following partial nephrectomy – a case report. F1000Res. 2014. 3:24. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Imga NN, Tutuncu Y, Tuna MM, Aycicek Dogan B, Berker D, Guler S. Idiopathic spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage in the third trimester of pregnancy. Case Rep Med. 2013. 2013:912494. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Ohishi A, Ueno D, Ogata T. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and adrenal hemorrhage in a filipino neonate with hyperbilirubinemia. AJP Rep. 2013 May. 3(1):5-8. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Best M, Palmer K, Jones QC, Wathen CG. Acute adrenal failure following anticoagulation with dabigatran after hip replacement and thrombolysis for massive pulmonary embolism. BMJ Case Rep. 2013 Jan 11. 2013:[Medline].

Untereiner O, Charpentier C, Grignon B, Welfringer P, Garric J, Mertes PM. Adrenal trauma: medical and surgical emergency. Emerg Med J. 2013 Apr. 30(4):329-30. [Medline].

Lertsburapa T, Vargas D, Lambert-Messerlian G, Tantravahi U, Gundogan F, DeLaMonte S, et al. Lethal Hypoplasia and Developmental Anomalies of the Lungs in a Newborn with Intrauterine Adrenal Hemorrhage and Cerebral infarcts: A Proposed Pulmonary Disruption Sequence. Pediatr Dev Pathol. 2014 Jun 27. [Medline].

Kyoda Y, Tanaka T, Maeda T, Masumori N, Tsukamoto T. Adrenal hemorrhagic pseudocyst as the differential diagnosis of pheochromocytoma–a review of the clinical features in cases with radiographically diagnosed pheochromocytoma. J Endocrinol Invest. 2013 Oct. 36(9):707-11. [Medline].

Tormos LM, Schandl CA. The significance of adrenal hemorrhage: undiagnosed Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, a case series. J Forensic Sci. 2013 Jul. 58(4):1071-4. [Medline].

Lattin GE Jr, Sturgill ED, Tujo CA, Marko J, Sanchez-Maldonado KW, Craig WD, et al. From the radiologic pathology archives: Adrenal tumors and tumor-like conditions in the adult: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2014 May-Jun. 34(3):805-29. [Medline].

Ruffini E, De Petris L, Zorzi G, Paoletti P, Mambelli G, Carlucci A. Two cases of neonatal adrenal hemorrhage presenting with persistent jaundice. Pediatr Med Chir. 2013 Nov-Dec. 35(6):285-7. [Medline].

Manganaro L, Al Ansari N, Barchetti F, Saldari M, Vitturini C, Glorioso M, et al. Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome: value of MRI in the differential diagnosis. Case Rep Radiol. 2013. 2013:479836. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Chronopoulos E, Nikolaou VS, Masgala A, Kaspiris A, Babis GC. Unilateral adrenal hemorrhage after total knee arthroplasty. Orthopedics. 2014 May. 37(5):e508-11. [Medline].

Wang J, Packer CD. Acute abdominal pain after intercourse: adrenal hemorrhage as the first sign of metastatic lung cancer. Case Rep Med. 2014. 2014:612036. [Medline]. [Full Text].

Ramon I, Mathian A, Bachelot A, et al. Primary adrenal insufficiency due to bilateral adrenal hemorrhage-adrenal infarction in the antiphospholipid syndrome: long-term outcome of 16 patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Aug. 98(8):3179-89. [Medline].

Nicholas A Tritos, MD, DSc, MMSc, FACP, FACE Associate Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate in Medicine, Neuroendocrine Clinical Center, Massachusetts General Hospital

Nicholas A Tritos, MD, DSc, MMSc, FACP, FACE is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine, American Medical Association, Endocrine Society, Massachusetts Medical Society, Pituitary Society

Disclosure: Received research grant from: Ipsen; Pfizer; Novo Nordisk; Novartis.

Francisco Talavera, PharmD, PhD Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Pharmacy; Editor-in-Chief, Medscape Drug Reference

Disclosure: Received salary from Medscape for employment. for: Medscape.

Arthur B Chausmer, MD, PhD, FACP, FACE, FACN, CNS Professor of Medicine (Endocrinology, Adj), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Affiliate Research Professor, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, School of Computational Sciences, George Mason University; Principal, C/A Informatics, LLC

Arthur B Chausmer, MD, PhD, FACP, FACE, FACN, CNS is a member of the following medical societies: American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College of Nutrition, American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, International Society for Clinical Densitometry, American College of Endocrinology, American College of Physicians, American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine, American Medical Informatics Association, Endocrine Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

George T Griffing, MD Professor Emeritus of Medicine, St Louis University School of Medicine

George T Griffing, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Association for the Advancement of Science, International Society for Clinical Densitometry, Southern Society for Clinical Investigation, American College of Medical Practice Executives, American Association for Physician Leadership, American College of Physicians, American Diabetes Association, American Federation for Medical Research, American Heart Association, Central Society for Clinical and Translational Research, Endocrine Society

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Dimitris A Papanicolaou, MD 

Dimitris A Papanicolaou, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American College of Physicians, Endocrine Society, Royal Society of Medicine

Disclosure: Nothing to disclose.

Adrenal Hemorrhage

Research & References of Adrenal Hemorrhage|A&C Accounting And Tax Services
Source

facebookShare on Facebook
TwitterTweet
FollowFollow us

Send your purchase information or ask a question here!

5 + 9 =

Welcome To Knowledge-Easy Management Sound Tips and Thank You Very Much! Have a great day!

From Admin and Read More here. A note for you if you pursue CPA licence, KEEP PRACTICE with the MANY WONDER HELPS I showed you. Make sure to check your works after solving simulations. If a Cashflow statement or your consolidation statement is balanced, you know you pass right after sitting for the exams. I hope my information are great and helpful. Implement them. They worked for me. Hey.... turn gray hair to black also guys. Do not forget HEALTH? Competence Progression can be the number 1 essential and important consideration of getting real good results in every vocations as most people observed in each of our contemporary society not to mention in Around the globe. Consequently fortunate to examine with you in the next with regards to just what flourishing Talent Expansion is;. the simplest way or what procedures we get the job done to realize aspirations and sooner or later one will probably function with what someone loves to accomplish every single daytime designed for a 100 % daily life. Is it so fantastic if you are confident enough to establish properly and come across success in what you thought, aimed for, follower of rules and did wonders really hard every daytime and definitely you become a CPA, Attorney, an operator of a considerable manufacturer or even a health care professional who will be able to remarkably contribute awesome benefit and valuations to some others, who many, any world and network undoubtedly popular and respected. I can's believe I can enable others to be leading expert level just who will lead important remedies and aid valuations to society and communities now. How contented are you if you develop into one such as so with your unique name on the label? I have arrived at SUCCESS and beat almost all the difficult areas which is passing the CPA exams to be CPA. Furthermore, we will also protect what are the pitfalls, or different problems that is likely to be on the option and ways I have professionally experienced all of them and will certainly show you the way to get over them.

0 Comments

Submit a Comment

Business Best Sellers

 

Get Paid To Use Facebook, Twitter and YouTube
Online Social Media Jobs Pay $25 - $50/Hour.
No Experience Required. Work At Home, $316/day!
View 1000s of companies hiring writers now!
Order Now!

 

MOST POPULAR

*****

Customer Support Chat Job: $25/hr
Chat On Twitter Job - $25/hr
Get Paid to chat with customers on
a business’s Twitter account.
Try Free Now!

 

Get Paid To Review Apps On Phone
Want to get paid $810 per week online?
Get Paid To Review Perfect Apps Weekly.
Order Now!

Look For REAL Online Job?
Get Paid To Write Articles $200/day
View 1000s of companies hiring writers now!
Try-Out Free Now!

 
 
error: Content is protected !!